Forged flanges play an important role in the petrochemical industry, as this is where a multitude of oil and gas pipelines made up of pipes and other components are found: Pipelines are systems that are responsible for transporting oil and derivatives such as biobutanol by means of a system of pumping stations that drive the fluid at an average speed of between 1 and 6 meters per second. Given the complexity and dimensions of their structure, studies on the environmental impact must be carried out before construction. They are centered on steel pipes whose diameter varies from ½ inch (12.7 mm) to 144 inches (approximately 360 cm).